TCP/IP Application Layer, Application Layer Protocols

The lower layers of TCP/IP protocol suit are primarily concerned with formatting, encapsulating and transmitting data across the network. These layers are closely associated with the underlying network hardware and network infrastructure devices.

The topmost layer, Application Layer of TCP/IP suit is concerned mainly with human interaction and the implementation of software applications and related protocols.

TCP/IP protocol suit is included with a large number of applications and application protocols. Using these applications and application protocols, data can be moved between hosts, and remote users can communicate. Following are a partial list of applications and application protocols included with TCP/IP protocol suit and operate in the Application Layer.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Domain Name System (DNS)

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

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